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目的:探索学龄前儿童视力低常现状及弱视患病率,为临床早期干预提供依据。方法:对孝感市3～6岁8730例学龄前儿童进行视力普查,将单眼或双眼视力低于正常者,通知门诊复查,将矫正视力<0.8者,定为弱视。结果:视力低常患病率15.32%,无性别差异,较小年龄组视力低常率高于较大年龄组;弱视患病率为5.37%,斜视发生率为0.96%,无年龄差异(P>0.05)。视力低常者屈光不正构成为近视7.33%,远视83.69%,混合散光8.98%,远视对儿童视力不良影响最大,远视中又以复性远视散光最为多见;屈光不正是形成弱视的主要原因,其中远视对弱视的影响大于其他类型屈光不正对于弱视的影响。
Objective: To explore the current situation of presbyopic vision and the prevalence of amblyopia in preschool children, and provide the basis for clinical early intervention. Methods: 8730 preschool children aged 3-6 years old in Xiaogan City were surveyed with eyesight. The visual acuity of monocular or binocular eyes was lower than that of normal subjects. The patients were referred to the clinic for review. The corrected visual acuity of less than 0.8 was regarded as amblyopia. Results: The prevalence of low vision was 15.32%, with no gender difference. The low rate of visual acuity in younger age group was higher than that of older age group. The prevalence of amblyopia was 5.37% and strabismus rate was 0.96%. There was no difference in age (P > 0.05). Visual acuity was 7.33% of myopia refractive errors, hyperopia 83.69%, 8.98% mixed astigmatism, hyperopia on children with the greatest impact on vision impairment, hyperopia and hyperopia in myopia and hyperopic astigmatism is the most common; refractive error is the main form of amblyopia The reason, in which the impact of farsightedness on amblyopia than other types of refractive errors on the impact of amblyopia.