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目的了解长春市小学生雾霾相关知识知晓率和健康行为形成率,了解当前小学生群体知识掌握程度及渠道,找出薄弱环节,为学校及公共卫生部门提供依据。方法采取整群抽样方法对长春市1 256名小学生雾霾相关知识进行回顾性调查并做统计分析。结果雾霾相关知识总知晓率81.68%,高年级组知晓率高于低年级组(χ2=23.138,P<0.005),女生雾霾知识知晓率略高于男生。低年级组女生健康行为形成率高于男生(χ2=21.349,P<0.05),高年级组健康行为形成率高于低年级组(χ2=116.74,P<0.001)。结论应强化政策宣传力度,加大小学生雾霾相关知识校园健康宣教投入,努力使雾霾防治知识传播的专业化、系统化、多渠道化,提高小学生的雾霾防治工作效果。
Objective To understand the awareness of haze related knowledge and the rate of healthy behavior among primary school students in Changchun, understand the current level and channels of knowledge of primary school students, identify the weak links and provide the basis for schools and public health departments. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate retrospectively the knowledge of smog in 1 256 pupils in Changchun City and make statistical analysis. Results The total awareness of haze related knowledge was 81.68%. The awareness rate of haze education in senior grade group was higher than that in lower grade group (χ2 = 23.138, P <0.005). The incidence of health behaviors in lower grades group was higher than that in boys (χ2 = 21.349, P <0.05), and the incidence of healthy behaviors in upper grades was higher than that in lower grades group (χ2 = 116.74, P <0.001). Conclusion Emphasis should be put on policy advocacy efforts to increase pupils’ mission of investing in health education on smog-related knowledge in schools and efforts should be made to systematize, systematize and diversify knowledge on smog prevention and control so as to improve the effectiveness of haze prevention and control work among pupils.