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在市场经济条件下,很多企业都会因为资金困难而向银行申请贷款,但银行是否同意向企业发放贷款以及向企业发放多少贷款,必须根据银行所认定的企业授信额度确定。因此,企业必须了解和把握自身所拥有的授信额度,才能向银行申请到与授信额度相匹配的贷款。企业可以向银行申请不同种类的贷款,并且有着严格的规定程序。银行对企业进行审查并确定其授信额度时,要通过对借款企业的风险,即对其未来偿还债务的意愿和能力进行分析,判定向该企业贷款的信用风险是否大于银行的承受能力,而最终确定是否向该企业贷款。银行对企业信用分析的专门原则和方法主要有“五 C 分析法”“五 P 分析法”“五 W 分析法”“CAMPARI”分析法等。对企业信用进行分析后可以确定其信用等级,并进而确定其中请贷款的授信额度而实施分类管理。银行根据对企业信用等级的评定,就可以对申请借款的企业进行严格的分类管理。不同企业信用等级的银行贷款授信额度为 AAA 级企业优先支持,AA 级企业适当支持,A 级从严支持,BBB级企业不予支持,BB 级企业逐步压缩,B 级企业则要停贷清收。
Under market economy, many enterprises apply for loans to banks because of financial difficulties. However, whether banks agree to lend to enterprises and how much loans to enterprises must be determined according to the amount of credit granted by the banks. Therefore, companies must understand and grasp the credit limit they have to apply to the bank to match the line of credit loans. Businesses can apply for different types of loans to banks, and have strict rules and procedures. Banks to review the enterprise and determine the credit line, through the risk of the borrower, that is, its future willingness and ability to repay the debt to determine whether the credit risk of the loan to the enterprise is greater than the bank’s ability to withstand, and ultimately Determine whether to loan to the enterprise. The Bank’s special principles and methods of corporate credit analysis mainly include “Five C Analysis”, “Five P Analysis”, “Five W Analysis” and “CAMPARI” analysis. After the enterprise credit analysis can determine the credit rating, and then determine the amount of credit facilities in which the implementation of the classification of loans management. According to the assessment of the credit rating of a bank, the bank can apply strict classification management to the enterprises applying for the loan. The credit limit of bank loans of different corporate credit ratings is AAA grade enterprise priority support, AA grade enterprise proper support, A grade strict support, BBB grade business does not support, BB grade business is gradually compressed, B class business will have to stop loan collection .