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微小RNA(MicroRNA,miRNA)是一类内源性、保守、稳定的非编码短单链RNA,在转录后水平调节靶基因表达。miR-34a作为微小RNA家族一员,具有抑制多种肿瘤生长的特性,并在胶质瘤中表达下调。miR-34a能够通过多种机制抑制脑胶质瘤细胞的生长,包括抑制肿瘤细胞c-Met、Bcl-2原癌基因的表达、抑制Notch信号转导、与抑癌基因p53形成正反馈环路,达到诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用。另外,miR-34a在诱导胶质瘤肿瘤干细胞分化为正常的神经细胞过程中起重要作用,因此miR-34a有可能成为恶性胶质瘤基因治疗的潜在靶点。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, conserved and stable non-coding short single-stranded RNAs that regulate target gene expression at post-transcriptional level. As a member of the microRNA family, miR-34a has the property of inhibiting various tumor growth and is down-regulated in glioma. miR-34a can inhibit the growth of glioma cells through a variety of mechanisms, including inhibiting the expression of c-Met and Bcl-2 proto-oncogenes in tumor cells, inhibiting Notch signaling and forming a positive feedback loop with tumor suppressor gene p53 , To induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-34a plays an important role in inducing glioma tumor stem cells to differentiate into normal neurons. Therefore miR-34a may be a potential target for gene therapy of malignant glioma.