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多数优质透镜,至今仍用牛顿的方法制作,即对玻璃研磨和抛光。即便采用自动化,这种加工仍很费时。特殊应用要求透镜具有特殊几何形状,加工步骤就会大大增加。过去10年中,麻省理工学院林肯实验室的研究人员已用另一种技术制作优质透镜和其它光学元件。他们借用集成电路蚀刻技术,可使透镜表面形状改变,从而提高其光学性能。据该学院 W.B.Veldkamp 说,“我们的目标是制作更好、更廉和更轻的透镜”。现在这种新的光学蚀刻工艺已充分发展,几家公司已用于透镜生产。这种技术系对透镜表面蚀刻,从而产生以正常方式散射光的阶梯状刻痕。衍射光栅也应用同、样原理。光栅玻璃或塑料表面的平行刻线阵列把白光扩展成彩虹。仔细控制刻痕深度、
Most high-quality lenses, still using Newton’s method of making, that is, glass grinding and polishing. Even with automation, this process is still time-consuming. Special applications require the lens to have a special geometry and processing steps will be greatly increased. In the past 10 years, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory have used another technique to make high-quality lenses and other optical components. They borrow the technology of integrated circuit etching, can make the lens surface shape change, thus improve its optical performance. According to W.B. Veldkamp, “Our goal is to make better, cheaper and lighter lenses.” Now this new optical etching process has been fully developed, several companies have been used for lens production. This technique is to etch the lens surface to create a stepped notch that scatters light in the normal manner. The diffraction grating also applies the same principle. A parallel line array of gratings or plastic surfaces extends the white light into a rainbow. Careful control of the depth of scoring,