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一种基于应力诱发磁各向异性的无损检测技术，能够定量测定铁路车轮中的残余应力分布。一台自动的试验型设备已制造出来。为考核该技术对所研究的车轮钢种冶金效应的敏感性而进行了标定测量。在新的以及代表一系列工况的热损伤车轮上使用该设备来获得残余应力信息。另使用了应变计验证了该技术的有效性。在装置的输出和车轮轮缘内部净周向应力之间建立了关系。
A nondestructive testing technique based on stress induced magnetic anisotropy can quantitatively determine the residual stress distribution in railway wheels. An automated test equipment has been manufactured. Calibration measurements were conducted to assess the sensitivity of the technique to the metallurgical effects of the steel wheels studied. This equipment is used to obtain residual stress information on new and thermally damaged wheels representing a range of conditions. Another strain gage was used to verify the effectiveness of the technique. The relationship between the output of the device and the net circumferential stress inside the wheel rim is established.