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目的分析深圳市2008-2012年疟疾监测结果与疫情流行特点,为消除疟疾提供参考依据。方法整理深圳市2008-2012年“三热”病人血检监测及疟疾疫情报告资料,应用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2008-2012年全市血检监测“三热”病人93 048人次,平均年血检率为1.7‰。5年累计报告疟疾170例,平均年发病率为0.31/10万。其中间日疟128例,输入性恶性疟42例。本地病例数逐年下降,至2011年后未再有本地病例报告;输入性疟疾119例,占病例总数的70%。按地区分,报告病例数前三位依次是龙岗区(86例)、罗湖区(35例)和宝安区(28例),其次为南山区(14例)和福田区(7例)。发病时间动态分布显示每年的6-10月为发病的高峰期。青壮年发病为主,20~39岁年龄段发病114例,占病例总数的67.1%。病例男女性别比为5.3:1。往来非洲、东南亚等疟疾高发地区的农民工群体和商务人员为高危人群。结论近年来深圳市疟疾疫情相对稳定,但输入性恶性疟增加,应加强监测与防控。实施以输入性疟疾防治为重点的干预措施取得良好效果。
Objective To analyze the malaria surveillance results and epidemic characteristics of Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012, and provide reference for eliminating malaria. Methods The data of blood test and malaria epidemic in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012 and the “Three hots” were collected and analyzed by epidemiological method. Results From 2008 to 2012, there were 93,048 blood test and “three hot” patients in the city, with an average annual blood test of 1.7 ‰. A total of 170 cases of malaria were reported in 5 years, with an average annual incidence of 0.31 / 100,000. In the middle of 128 cases of vivax malaria, imported 42 cases of falciparum malaria. The number of local cases dropped year by year, with no local case reports after 2011; 119 cases of imported malaria, accounting for 70% of the total number of cases. By region, the top three reported cases were Longgang District (86 cases), Luohu District (35 cases) and Bao’an District (28 cases), followed by Nanshan District (14 cases) and Futian District (7 cases). The onset time of the dynamic distribution of the annual incidence of 6 - October as the peak incidence. The main onset of young adults, 20 to 39 years of age onset of 114 cases, accounting for 67.1% of the total number of cases. The male / female ratio was 5.3: 1. From Africa, Southeast Asia and other high incidence of malaria migrant workers and business people as high-risk groups. Conclusion In recent years, the epidemic situation of malaria in Shenzhen is relatively stable, but the import of falciparum malaria should be increased. Monitoring, prevention and control should be strengthened. The implementation of interventions focusing on imported malaria control achieved good results.