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系统论观点能不能用于历史教学,还是一个值得探讨的问题。我结合系统工程(传授知识、发展智力、锻炼能力、完善思想素质四方面),运用系统论观点(整体性、相关性、结构性、层次性、动态性,目的性等观点),对历史学科各类具体系统内容的设置、组织和实施,如何取得最佳教学效果,从以下几个方面进行一些探讨。 一、设计历史空间整体图示。 历史空间整体图示指在不同时期内发生的各历史事件或历史现象及随着时间推移的发展与其相互联系,相互影响,相互制约而构成的规律性的立体化图示。表示形式一般有:柜架式,条块式、线条式、表格式、方位式等。要使学生对历史知识有一目了然的整体认识,教师应该用整体性观点指导教学,抓住系统论最基本的属性和最基本的观点,帮助学生纵观历史全局,掌握历史发展的总线索和基本知识。
Whether system theory can be used for history teaching is still a question worth exploring. I combine system engineering (instruction of knowledge, development of intelligence, exercise ability, improvement of ideological quality in four aspects), and apply systematic viewpoints (integrity, relevance, structure, hierarchy, dynamic, purpose, etc.) to the history discipline The establishment, organization and implementation of various types of specific system content, and how to obtain the best teaching results, are discussed in the following aspects. First, the overall picture of the design history space. The overall picture of the historical space refers to the three-dimensional illustration of the regularity of historical events or historical phenomena occurring in different periods and their interaction with each other, mutual influence, and mutual restraint over time. Representations generally include: rack type, bar type, line type, table format, position type and so on. To enable students to have an overall understanding of historical knowledge, teachers should use a holistic view to guide teaching, seize the most basic attributes and the most basic point of view of system theory, help students to look at the overall situation of history, and master the historical development of the bus line and basic know how.