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目的研究一种新型季铵盐消毒剂对水产养殖中的鱼类致病菌的杀灭效果,为水产品消毒提供依据。方法采用稀释法和悬液定量杀菌试验法对该消毒剂抗菌效果和杀菌效果进行了检测。结果该新型季铵盐消毒剂对金黄色葡萄球菌最小抑菌浓度为10 mg/L。用含500 mg/L的季铵盐总活性物(烷基二甲基乙苄基氯化氨与烷基二甲基苄基氯化氨混合物)的该消毒剂对悬液内金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜水气单胞菌、霍乱弧菌作用3 m in,平均杀灭率达到100%。含500 mg/L季铵盐活性物的该消毒液对悬液内类志贺邻单孢菌和肺炎克雷伯菌作用1 m in,杀灭率达到100%;含量相同的该消毒剂对悬液内柱状纤维粘细菌和副溶血弧菌作用7 m in,杀灭率亦可达到100%。结论该新型季铵盐类消毒剂在较低浓度下,对试验的6种鱼类致病菌均可达到有效杀灭;其中只有2株菌有效杀菌浓度高于参照菌。
Objective To study the killing effect of a new quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant on fish pathogens in aquaculture and provide basis for disinfection of aquatic products. Methods The antibacterial effect and bactericidal effect of the disinfectant were tested by dilution method and quantitative disinfection test. Results The minimum inhibitory concentration of the new quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant against Staphylococcus aureus was 10 mg / L. Using a disinfectant containing 500 mg / L of the total quaternary ammonium salt active (a mixture of alkyldimethylethylbenzylammonium chloride and alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride), the S. aureus , Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio cholerae 3 m in, the average kill rate of 100%. The disinfectant solution containing 500 mg / L of quaternary ammonium salt had a killing rate of 100% for 1-inch inoculum of P. gossypii and K. pneumoniae in the suspension, and the same disinfectant Suspension columnar fiber myxobacteria and parahaemolyticus effect 7 m in, kill rate can reach 100%. Conclusions The new quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant can effectively kill 6 kinds of fish pathogens tested at lower concentration, of which only 2 strains have higher effective bactericidal concentration than the reference bacteria.