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目的研究番石榴叶水提取物(WE)灌胃处理后,糖尿病小鼠胰岛形态结构及其胰岛素合成表达功能的改变。方法通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病小鼠模型,水提取物灌胃处理,4周后进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),HE染色观察胰腺组织病理形态学改变,免疫组化(IHC)和图像分析技术观察分析胰岛β细胞胰岛素表达量,试剂盒法检测肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平。结果与糖尿病模型对照组(DM)相比,水提取物组糖尿病小鼠禁食3h空腹血糖水平下降33.4%,葡萄糖耐量明显改善;胰岛体积缩小、形状不规则及β细胞变性等病理改变明显减轻,β细胞数量增多,单位面积内胰岛素表达量明显上升;肝脏组织GSH水平显著升高。结论番石榴叶水提取物对糖尿病小鼠胰岛具有保护作用,作用机制可能是通过抗氧化作用减轻小鼠胰岛β细胞结构和功能的损伤。
Objective To study the morphological changes of pancreatic islets and insulin synthesis in diabetic mice after intragastric administration of guava leaves aqueous extract (WE). Methods The model of diabetic mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and the water extract was intragastrically administered. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed 4 weeks later. The histopathological changes of pancreatic tissue were observed by HE staining. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and image analysis techniques were used to observe the expression of insulin in pancreatic islet β-cells. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were detected by kit method. Results Compared with diabetic model control group (DM), fasting blood glucose level of fasting 3h in water extract group decreased by 33.4% and glucose tolerance remarkably improved. Pathological changes such as islet volume reduction, irregular shape and β cell degeneration were significantly alleviated , the number of β cells increased, the expression of insulin per unit area increased significantly; liver tissue GSH levels were significantly increased. Conclusion The aqueous extract of guava leaf has a protective effect on the islets of diabetic mice, and the mechanism may be that the anti-oxidant effect may reduce the damage of pancreatic β-cell structure and function in mice.