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社会权是弱者最重要的宪法权利,是判断弱者的根本权利。弱者平等保护的关键是实质平等,通过对弱者给予倾斜性保护来矫正歧视,以实现实质平等、追求社会公正。但保护需要遵循一定的标准和限度,以防造成反向歧视。《宪法》对弱者的各项社会权利规定得较为完整,但宪法权利并未充分转化为法律权利,在立法与实践中的保护效果有限,弱者平等保护在很大程度上还停留在“宪法宣言”的层面。对弱者平等保护的完善,需要在宪法层面寻求根本性解决路径:通过解释宪法平等权条款来丰富弱者权利的涵义,赋予弱者对国家的给付请求权,通过《宪法》的司法适用加强对弱者的平等保护力度。
Social rights are the most important constitutional rights of the weaker and the fundamental rights of the weaker. The key to the equal protection of the weak is substantive equality, which aims to correct discrimination by leaning protection of the weak in order to achieve substantive equality and the pursuit of social justice. However, protection must follow certain standards and limits in order to prevent reverse discrimination. Although the constitution provides more complete social rights for the underprivileged, constitutional rights are not fully transformed into legal rights, and the protection in legislation and practice is limited. The equal protection of the weak still remains in the Constitution Declaration "level. To improve the equal protection of the weak, it is necessary to seek a fundamental solution to the constitutional path: to explain the meaning of the rights of the weaker by explaining the provisions of the constitutional equal rights, to give the weaker the right to claim for the payment of the state, to strengthen the judicial system of the weak Equal protection.