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目的:总结中国原发性先天性青光眼患者的临床特点,与印度原发性先天性青光眼患者进行比较,研究二者临床特点的差异。方法:对中国和印度的原发性先天性青光眼患者进行回顾性分析。复习40例中国先天性青光眼患者的病历记录,将临床特点总结为几个可定量临床参数,评价疾病的严重程度。将中国患者的量化临床特点以及病情严重度分级和文献中的印度患者比较,进行统计分析。结果:中国患者40例和印度患者43例纳入了研究。中国患者的性别比例约为2∶1,3例(7.5%)患者有家族史,1例(2.5%)患者的亲代为近亲婚配。中国患者的主要症状和体征较多,初诊时最常见的症状是眼球长大(42.5%)、视力下降(35.0%)。与印度患者比较,中国先天性青光眼患者发病较晚,诊断较迟,角膜增大和视神经损害更严重(P<0.01)。两国的眼科医生都倾向于采用小梁切开联合小梁切除术。印度患者接受联合手术的比例更高(P<0.01)。两国患者的病情严重程度分布不同,大部分中国患者的病情严重,而大部分印度患者的病情非常严重(P<0.01)。结论:中国原发性先天性青光眼患者为散发病例,非近亲婚配型。与印度原发性先天性青光眼患者比较,中国患者的发病较晚,诊断治疗相对滞后。中国先天性青光眼的防治工作尚待加强。
Objective: To summarize the clinical features of patients with primary congenital glaucoma in China and compare them with those of patients with idiopathic primary glaucoma in India. Methods: Retrospective analysis of primary congenital glaucoma in China and India. Review of 40 cases of Chinese patients with congenital glaucoma records, the clinical features summarized in several quantitative clinical parameters, evaluation of the severity of the disease. The quantitative clinical characteristics of Chinese patients and the grading of severity were compared with those of Indian patients in the literature for statistical analysis. Results: 40 Chinese patients and 43 Indian patients were included in the study. The sex ratio of Chinese patients was about 2: 1, and family history was found in 3 patients (7.5%). The parents of 1 patient (2.5%) were married. The main symptoms and signs of patients in China, the most common symptoms of the first visit is eye growth (42.5%), vision loss (35.0%). Compared with Indian patients, Chinese patients with congenital glaucoma later onset, diagnosis later, corneal enlargement and optic nerve damage more serious (P <0.01). Ophthalmologists in both countries tend to use trabeculectomy combined with trabeculectomy. Indian patients underwent more joint surgery (P <0.01). The distribution of the severity of illness varies between the two countries. Most Chinese patients are severely ill, while most Indian patients are severely ill (P <0.01). Conclusion: The patients with primary congenital glaucoma in China are sporadic cases and non-causal marriage. Compared with patients with primary idiopathic glaucoma in India, the incidence of Chinese patients later, the diagnosis and treatment is relatively lagging behind. China’s prevention and treatment of congenital glaucoma needs to be strengthened.