“书、名、文、言、字”在“文字”义上是一组同义词,本文拟对这组同义词在上古汉语时期的使用情况和新旧遞嬗关系作一次粗略的描写,并力图总结出带有某些规律性的东西,以期为汉语词汇史的研究作一些添砖加瓦的工作。 “Book, name, text, speech, character ” is a group of synonyms in “literal ” meaning, this article intends to make a rough description of the use of this group of synonyms in the Middle Ages and the relationship between old and new, And tries hard to summarize some things with some regularity, in order to make some contribution to the research of Chinese vocabulary history.