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为了研究公路穿过走滑活断层时的变形、受力机理和破坏特征,建立了有限元地质模型,分析了活断层的走滑位移、活断层带宽度以及活断层与公路夹角等变化的影响效应;并在此基础上,研究走滑活断层环境下公路的破坏模式,提出了公路变形、受力的结构力学求解方法。结果表明:走滑断层带的公路在横向发生弯曲变形,公路两侧的边缘在纵向处于拉、压的受力状态;活断层走滑位移的变化,只改变公路变形和受力的大小,不改变其分布特征;活断层与公路夹角以及活断层带宽度的变化,不改变公路变形和受剪的整体范围,但是对公路变形和剪应力分布特征有较大影响;根据走滑活断层环境下公路的变形和受力特征,可以将其破坏模式总结为剪断破坏和拉-张破坏。
In order to study the deformation, stress mechanism and failure characteristics of the highway passing through the strike-slip active fault, a finite element geological model was established to analyze the variation of strike-slip displacement, active fault zone width and the angle between the active fault and the highway On the basis of this, the failure modes of the highway under the strike-slip active fault environment are studied, and the structural mechanics solution method of the highway deformation and stress is proposed. The results show that the highway in the strike-slip fault zone is bent in the transverse direction, and the edges on both sides of the highway are under tension and compression in the longitudinal direction. The variation of the strike-slip displacement of the active fault changes only the size of the highway deformation and force, Changing the distribution characteristics of the fault; the change of the angle between the active fault and the road and the width of the active fault does not change the overall range of highway deformation and shear, but has a great influence on the distribution of highway deformation and shear stress; Under the deformation and stress characteristics of the highway, the failure mode can be summarized as shear failure and tension failure.