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对７０个不同编号的新疆野生油菜和黑芥进行了染色体形态特征、过氧化物酶同工酶和ｍｔＤＮＡ的研究，结果表明：新疆野生油菜的染色体数为２ｎ＝１８，不同于黑芥（Ｂ．ｎｉｇｒａ）尤嫩斯２ｎ＝１６。新疆野生油菜与黑芥的核型都为Ｂ型，但染色体比不同，新疆野生油菜的染色体比小于黑芥。用吉姆萨染色，新疆野生油菜带型不同于黑芥，最明显的差异是新疆野生油菜有一对染色体显全带，表示为组成型异染色质，而黑芥没有。过氧化物酶酶带的明显差异是新疆野生油菜比黑芥多一条酶带。ｍｔＤＮＡ分析表明，新疆野生油菜与黑芥都有主带ＤＮＡ分子，但新疆野生油菜还有两条质粒状ＤＮＡ带，而黑芥没有。由此认为新疆野生油菜与黑芥不是同一个种，但亲缘关系密切，并推测在黑芥的演化过程中，新疆野生油菜可能是最原始的类型，到现在或许还有少数的过渡类型。
Chromosome morphology, peroxidase isoenzyme and mtDNA were studied in 70 different wild Xinjiang rape and black mustard. The results showed that the chromosome number of Xinjiang wild rape was 2n = 18, which was different from that of black mustard (B .nigra) Unesse 2n = 16. The karyotypes of wild canola and black mustard in Xinjiang are all B type, but the chromosome ratio is different. The chromosome ratio of Xinjiang wild rape is smaller than that of black mustard. With Giemsa staining, Xinjiang wild rapeseed is different from black mustard, the most obvious difference is that Xinjiang wild rape has a pair of chromosomes with a full band, expressed as a constituent heterochromatin, and black mustard did not. The obvious difference of peroxidase enzyme band is that Xinjiang wild rapeseed has one more enzyme band than black mustard. mtDNA analysis showed that Xinjiang wild rape and black mustard with DNA molecules, but Xinjiang wild rape has two plasmid DNA, and black mustard did not. Therefore, Xinjiang wild rape is not the same species as Black mustard, but closely related, and speculated that during the evolution of black mustard, Xinjiang wild rape may be the most primitive type, and now there may be a few transitional types.