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用上颌神经主干、翼腭神经节的腭支和眶支为标志,完整地显露和切取大鼠翼腭神经节,作组织切片,观察其形态特点并对神经元计数。大鼠翼腭神经节位于眶内侧壁下缘的翼腭窝内,上颌神经的腹内侧,可分为尾侧、中间和嘴侧三部,三部的长、宽、高分别为1.20×0.77×0.51mm、1.70×0.40×0.23mm和0.64×0.46×0.32mm,尾侧部和嘴侧部为一大一小向下的三角形膨大,中间部狭长。尾侧部体积最大,含神经元最多(78.48％),它向后连翼管神经和翼腭神经,向下分出腭支;嘴侧部体积最小,含神经元最少(9.38％),向下发出鼻支,向前分出眶支。对大鼠翼腭窝的位置和交通也在干颅标本上作了观察。
The maxillary nerve trunk, the palatal palate and the orbital branch of the pterygopalatine ganglion were used as a marker to completely reveal and cut the pterygopalatine ganglion of the rat for histological sectioning and observe the morphological characteristics and count the neurons. The pterygopalatine ganglion located in the pterygopalatine fossa at the lower edge of the medial orbital wall and the ventral medial side of the maxillary nerve. The pterygopalatine ganglion can be divided into three parts: caudal, medial and apical. The length, width and height of the three parts are 1.20 × 0.77 × 0.51mm, 1.70 × 0.40 × 0.23mm, and 0.64 × 0.46 × 0.32mm. The trailing side and the side of the mouth are large and small, and the downward triangle is swollen. The middle part is long and narrow. The caudal part has the largest volume with the largest number of neurons (78.48%). It posteriorly connects the pterygopalatine nerve and the pterygopalatine nerve and divides the palate branch downward. The smallest part of the lateral part of the mouth contains the least neurons (9.38%), Nasal branch issued under the forward branch orbital branch. The location and traffic of the pterygopalatine fossa were also observed on the dry skull specimens.