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本文根据实验结果,研讨了不同尺寸的轴承钢试样在真空中的加热速度,并和其他的加热方法作了对比。测定了自行研制的WZZ-20型真空油淬火炉的升温特性,获得了上列钢种试样在加热过程中的一系列的心部温度变化曲线。这些数据对制定真空热处理的合理加热规范提供了依据,并且根据试验结果可进一步改进炉子加热室的结构。工件在真空中加热比在盐浴炉、空气炉或其他气氛炉中加热都慢。这主要是由于真空中的气体极为稀薄,不存在对流热传导作用之故。但真空中的加热究竟慢到什么程度?实际加热时间如何确定?真空加热还有什么独特的规律?尤其是WZZ-20型炉子的使用性能究竟如何?这些问题都需要通过实践予以解决。本试验的目的即在于此。
Based on the experimental results, this paper discussed the heating rate of different sizes of bearing steel in vacuum, and compared with other heating methods. The temperature rising characteristics of WZZ-20 vacuum oil quenching furnace developed by ourselves were measured and a series of curves of heart temperature during the heating process of the above steel samples were obtained. These data provide a basis for establishing a reasonable heating specification for vacuum heat treatment, and further improve the structure of the furnace heating chamber based on the test results. Workpiece heating in a vacuum is slower than heating in a salt bath, air oven, or other atmosphere oven. This is mainly due to the extremely thin gas in the vacuum and the absence of convective heat transfer. However, the heating in the vacuum is slow to what extent? How to determine the actual heating time? What are the unique rules of vacuum heating? Especially WZZ-20 type furnace performance? These problems need to be solved by practice. The purpose of this experiment is that.