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无断层的背斜圈闭是最简单的,也是最有吸引力的油气圈闭类型。单一的封闭岩性可以为这类圈闭提供顶部和侧翼的盖层。无断层背斜圈闭的封闭效果最好。遗憾的是大部分大背斜圈闭都已被钻探。尤其在象美国墨西哥湾这样的成熟区更为如此。除深水、深层或横向速度变化大的地区外,在大部分情况下,成熟区的勘探学家目前都在寻找断层圈闭或地层圈闭。本文将侧重讨论张性断层系,当然许多观点也适用于挤压断层和走滑断层。讨论的问题主要有: ·断层填图,包括假断层的识别,断层形状,3D数据,雁行断层和相干数据体。 ·断层圈闭的一般讨论。 ·毗邻圈闭和Allan剖面的应用。 ·断层封闭圈闭和引起断层带毛细特性不同于无断层岩石的三种机制——泥岩涂抹、颗粒压碎和成岩作用。
Faultless anticline traps are the simplest and most attractive type of trap. A single enclosed lithology can provide a top and flank cover for such traps. No fault anticlinal closure of the closure of the best. Unfortunately, most of the large anticline traps have been drilled. This is especially true in mature regions like the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. In most cases, except in deep-water, deep or laterally variable regions, prospectors in mature areas are currently looking for fault traps or stratigraphic traps. This article will focus on the Zhang fault system, of course, many of the views also apply to the extrusion faults and strike-slip faults. The main issues discussed are: • Fault mapping, including the identification of faulted faults, fault shapes, 3D data, geese faults and coherent data bodies. · General discussion of fault traps. Adjacent traps and Allan profile applications. Fault sealing trap and wicking characteristics of fault zones are different from the three mechanisms of faultless rocks - mudstone smearing, particle crushing and diagenesis.