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地方保护程度的度量是实证研究国内市场分割问题的关键环节。本文从企业跨省流动的角度测算了各地建筑市场的地方保护程度,并利用2002—2008年的省际面板数据,检验了地方保护主义的形成原因。研究发现,国有经济的固定资产投资规模、国有建筑企业的产值规模、建筑业对地方经济的劳动就业和税收贡献是影响建筑市场保护程度的因素。这表明,地方政府作为各地建筑市场的投资主体和利益主体,具备了保护本地市场的动力和条件。因此,进一步深化投资体制改革和国有建筑企业改革,是打破建筑市场地方保护主义的有效途径。
The measure of the degree of local protection is a key link in the empirical study of the domestic market segmentation. This paper estimates the degree of local protection in the construction market from the perspective of the flow of enterprises across the province, and examines the reasons for the formation of local protectionism by using the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2008. The study found that the scale of investment in state-owned fixed assets, the output value of state-owned construction enterprises, construction employment in the local economy and tax contribution are factors that affect the degree of protection of the construction market. This shows that local governments, as the investors and stakeholders in the construction market, have the motivation and conditions to protect the local market. Therefore, further deepening reform of the investment system and state-owned construction enterprises is an effective way to break the local protectionism in the construction market.