1　介绍　　 2 0年来 ,科研人员和工程师不仅对制约火灾及其产物成长与火灾蔓延的因素和物理过程有了基本的了解 ,而且对主动和被动消防系统的性质也有了深入的认识。这些进展造就了一门新的工程学科 ,通称火灾动力学 ,它涉及的是在科学的基础上定量地描述火灾现象。随着德瑞斯 1 Introduction For more than 20 years, researchers and engineers have not only had a basic understanding of the factors and physical processes that constrain the growth of fire and its products and the spread of fire, but also have a deep understanding of the nature of active and passive fire protection systems. These developments have created a new engineering discipline, commonly known as fire dynamics, which involves a quantitative description of fire phenomena on a scientific basis. With Derris