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目的为体外腹主动脉末端加压控制骨盆骨折大出血提供应用解剖学基础。方法14例尸体标本,以第5腰椎上缘水平为基点,观测:①脐中点与腰椎体及腹主动脉端的位置关系;②腹主动脉末端与第5腰椎椎体的关系。③腹主动脉、下腔静脉与腰椎的位置关系。结果腹主动脉远段位于脊柱椎体前,以平L4椎体和L5椎体上部动脉血管段较为居中。腹主动脉末端分杈平面在基点以上22mm、以下15mm之间。脐中点在基点以上4.0cm、以下2.8cm范围内。结论可以脐为标志点定位腹主动脉末端对腹主动脉远端实施体外压迫,阻断血流或降低远端血压,达到紧急止血目的。
Objective To provide an anatomical basis for the compression of distal abdominal aorta in pelvic fracture hemorrhage. Methods Fourteen corpse specimens were taken from the upper edge of the fifth lumbar vertebra. The relationship between the midpoint of the umbilical cord and the end of the lumbar vertebra and the abdominal aorta was observed. The relationship between the end of the abdominal aorta and the fifth lumbar vertebra was observed. ③ abdominal aorta, inferior vena cava and lumbar position relationship. Results The distal segment of the abdominal aorta was located in front of the vertebral vertebral body and the middle segment of the L4 vertebral body and the upper segment of the L5 vertebral artery were more central. Abdominal aorta end bifurcation plane above the base point 22mm, the following 15mm between. Umbilical midpoint in more than 4.0cm, the following 2.8cm range. Conclusion It is feasible to locate the distal end of the abdominal aorta on the distal end of the abdominal aorta with umbilical cord as the landmark to implement in vitro compression, block the blood flow or reduce the distal blood pressure so as to achieve the purpose of emergency hemostasis.