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目的分析白血病患者接受造血干细胞移植(HSCT)的感染率、感染部位、病原菌分布情况。方法统计161例白血病患者感染发生率、感染类型、病原菌分布的特点,结合白血病类型、移植方式等分析影响移植后感染严重程度的相关因素。结果 161例中出现感染142例(88.20%),其中非重度57.04%(81/142),重度感染42.96%(61/142);感染死亡15.49%(22/142)。肺部感染居首,占25.32%,其他次之。移植时疾病状态、移植后中性粒细胞(ANC)和血小板(PLT)植活时间、有无移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)及其程度与移植后感染率和严重程度有关(P<0.05),与其他因素无关(P>0.05)。结论 HSCT后感染发生率较高,以肺部感染为主,革兰阴性菌居首位。移植时疾病状态、移植后ANC和PLT植活时间及GVHD有无及其程度与移植后感染率和感染程度有关。
Objective To analyze the infection rate, infection site and distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with leukemia receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods 161 cases of leukemia in patients with infection rates, types of infection, the distribution of pathogens characteristics, combined with leukemia types, methods of transplantation and other factors that affect the severity of post-transplant infection. Results Among the 161 cases, 142 cases (88.20%) were infected, of which 57.04% (81/142) were non-severe and 42.96% (61/142) were severe infections. The infection was 15.49% (22/142). Top lung infection, accounting for 25.32%, followed by other. The state of disease at transplantation, the time of transplantation of neutrophil (ANC) and platelet (PLT), the presence and absence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) and the degree of graft infection were related to the rate and severity of post-transplant infection (P <0.05) , Not related to other factors (P> 0.05). Conclusions The incidence of post-HSCT infection is high, mainly with pulmonary infection, with Gram-negative bacteria ranking first. The state of disease at transplantation, the time of ANC and PLT implantation, the presence or absence of GVHD after transplantation and the degree of infection are related to the rate of infection and the degree of infection after transplantation.