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目的了解辽宁省学生自杀现况,为预防学生自杀提供决策依据。方法使用《中国青少年健康危险行为问卷(2008)》,组织学生集体匿名自填。对自杀、自伤及心理情绪问题在学生人群中的分布进行描述;分析心理情绪或自伤与自杀的相关性,研究自杀的停止形态、自杀原因、自杀求助的构成情况。结果自杀意念、计划、未遂发生率分别为11.3%,6.3%,2.5%,男女性差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。自杀原因以抑郁、学习压力为主(男性41.7%,23.4%;女性32.9%,24.2%)。约70%的自杀的学生未寻求帮助,求助的学生中的求助人员主要为同学和朋友(男性8.9%,女性18.0%)。结论辽宁省学生自杀发生率处于一般水平,学生有抑郁情绪以及学习压力较大是自杀的最主要原因,应加强对学生进行心理干预。
Objective To understand the current situation of student suicides in Liaoning Province and to provide evidence for prevention of student suicide. Methods Using the “Chinese Youth Health Danger Behavior Questionnaire (2008)”, students were collectively self-anonymized. Describe the distribution of suicide, self-injury and psychological and emotional problems in the student population; analyze the correlation between psychological emotion or self-injury and suicide; and study the stopping form of suicide, the causes of suicide and the composition of suicide help. Results The rates of suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts were 11.3%, 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively. There was no significant difference between men and women (P> 0.05). The main causes of suicide were depression and learning pressure (41.7% in men and 23.4% in females; 32.9% in females and 24.2% in females). About 70% of suicide students did not seek help, and the majority of students seeking help were mainly students and friends (8.9% for males and 18.0% for females). Conclusions The incidence of suicide among students in Liaoning Province is at a general level. Students’ depression and learning pressure are the major causes of suicide. Psychological intervention should be strengthened.