【背景】《小学数学新课程标准》提出数学教学活动必须建立在学生的认知发展水平和已有的知识经验基础之上。教师应激发学生的学习积极性,向学生提供充分从事数学活动的机会,帮助他们在自主探索和合作交流的过程中真正理解和掌握基本的数学知识与技能、数学思想和方法,获得广泛的数学活动经验。学生是数学学习的主人,教师是数学学习的组织者、引导者与合作者。教师在讲的过程中应当给每位学生参与的机会,让他们的主体性得到体现,有时学生的 【Background】 The “New Curriculum Standards for Primary Mathematics” put forward that mathematics teaching activities must be based on the students’ level of cognitive development and existing knowledge and experience. Teachers should stimulate students’ enthusiasm for learning and provide students with opportunities to fully engage in math activities so as to help them understand and master basic math knowledge and skills, mathematical ideas and methods, and acquire extensive math activities during their own exploration and cooperation. experience. Students are the masters of mathematics learning, teachers are the organizers, guides and collaborators of mathematics learning. Teachers in the process of speaking should give each student the opportunity to participate, so that their subjectivity is reflected, and sometimes students