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一、何谓MIL—STD—1750A指令系统结构MIL—STD—1750A是美国80年代初公布的一种军用标准,它详细定义了机载计算机的指令系统结构.定义各种数据格式.如16位定点数据,32位浮点数据等.定义各种寻址方式及指令格式,如基址相对寻址的具体编码格式等.另外,对寄存器的结构、中断控制、I/O通讯,指令助记符也作了明确的规定,并对每一条指令都一一加以说明.众所周知,计算机系统是由硬件和软件组成的.硬件是由各种器件构成的计算机;而软件是计算机所运行的程序,包括应用程序和系统程序(如操作程序、编译程序、管理程序等).软件本身构成一个庞大的系统.无论什么软件,最终必须在一部具体的计算机上运行,这就必须将软件编译成该计算机的二进制形式机器指令.因为计算机只能执行符合本身的指令系统结构的机器指令,因此,计算机的指令系统结构是软件和硬件之间的接口.MIL-STD-1750A指令系统结构就是硬件和软件之间的一个标准接口.由于目前存在的各种型号的计算机,指令系统不能相互兼容,因此同一个软件要在不同的机器上运行必须进行各自的编译.由于失去兼容和互换性,在使用不同软件和计算机时,必须配备几套开发支援设备,并进行更多的人员培训,使成本大为提高.
First, what is meant by MIL-STD-1750A instruction system structure MIL-STD-1750A is a military standard promulgated by the United States in the early 1980s, which defines the structure of the command system of airborne computers in detail Define a variety of data formats such as 16-bit fixed point Data, 32-bit floating-point data, etc. Various addressing modes and instruction formats are defined, such as the specific encoding format of the relative addressing of the base address, etc. In addition, the register structure, interrupt control, I / O communication, instruction mnemonic Also made a clear provision, and each instruction is to explain one by one.As we all know, the computer system is composed of hardware and software.Hardware is a computer composed of various devices; and software is the computer running programs, including Applications and system programs (such as operating programs, compilers, hypervisors, etc.) The software itself constitutes a huge system. Whatever the software, it must ultimately run on a specific computer, which must be compiled into the computer software Binary machine instructions. Because computers can only execute machine instructions that conform to their own instruction system structure, the computer’s instruction system architecture is software and hardware Between the hardware and software interface.MIL-STD-1750A instruction system structure is a standard interface between hardware and software.As there are various types of computers, the command system can not be compatible with each other, so the same software to run on different machines Must compile their own due to the loss of compatibility and interchangeability, in the use of different software and computers, must be equipped with several sets of development support equipment, and more staff training, the cost is greatly improved.