宗教改革打断了西方人信仰与理性的统一。封建崩溃、多年战乱,那是个迷惘、无奈的时代。在绝无原则的法国内乱中产生了乐观、悯人的“理性主义”;在绝对原则的英国内争中却产生了悲观、功利的“经验主义”。但它们的共通处是肯定“个人”。从此,信仰与理性变成个人化,永无统一。西方文化出现性格与思维的分裂。 Religious reform interrupted the unity of Westerners’ faith and reason. Feudal collapse, years of war, it is a lost, helpless era. There was an optimistic and sympathetic “rationalism” in the unprincipled French civil strife; there was a pessimistic and utilitarian “empiricism” in the British civil war on absolute principles. But their common denominator is “personal”. From then on, faith and reason became personal and never unified. Disintegration of character and thinking in western culture.