全世界的麻风防治计划都是以治疗病人来减少宿主,从而阻止麻风的传播。问题是要搞清与麻风病人密切接触究竟有多大的危险性。作者在印度首次采用病例对照法,把试验地选在以种水稻和花卉为主的农村。该地区自1971年将麻风纳入初级保健系统,患病率达38.66/1000。作者选用1983年7月至1984年12月发现的病人作为研究病例,每例设三个对照,与病例的性别相同、来自同一村庄、年龄相差±2岁。随机配对进行比较。所有家庭的全部成员都要多次检查,最好查5次。研究结果表明,除对照组上中学的多以外,病例组与对照组的受教育情况、职业情况均无显著差异;对照组的卡介苗对麻风可能有保护作用,但无显著意义;病例组的家庭内接触频率明显高于对照组,有家内接触者的发病机会是无家内接触者的2.5倍。作者指出这种研究方法快捷、便宜、可 Leprosy prevention programs around the world treat patients to reduce their hosts, thereby preventing the spread of leprosy. The problem is to figure out how dangerous it is to be in close contact with a leprosy. The authors used the case-control method for the first time in India and chose to experimentally select the rural areas that mainly grow rice and flowers. Since 1971, leprosy has been included in the primary health-care system in the area at a prevalence rate of 38.66 / 1000. The authors selected patients found from July 1983 to December 1984 as study cases, each with three controls, of the same gender as the cases, from the same village with a mean ± 2 years of age. Paired for comparison. All members of all families have to check many times, it is best to check five times. The results showed that there was no significant difference in education status and occupation between the case group and the control group except for the middle school in the control group; BCG in the control group may have a protective effect on leprosy, but no significant difference; The frequency of internal contact was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the incidence of domestic contacts was 2.5 times higher than that of non-domestic contacts. The authors point out that this method of research is fast, inexpensive, and available