卡夫卡(1883-1924)是西方现代主义是重要的小说家之一,他的小说大多情节简单而含义深邃,描绘出了二十世纪西方人的普遍体验。本文指出,罪与法是卡夫卡小说的核心主题;法的隐退是它的基本语境;卡夫卡世界是一个虚无主宰的世界;在此世界中,人被规定为绝对有罪;这种无罪之罪实质上就是异化,它正是卡夫卡最为关注的现代人的基本处境。 Kafka (1883-1924) is one of the most important novelists in western modernism. His novels are simple and profound in their plots, depicting the universal experience of Westerners in the twentieth century. This article points out that sin and law are the core themes of Kafka’s novels; the retreat of law is its basic context; the Kafka world is an empty dominated world; in this world, man is prescribed as absolutely guilty; The sin of innocence is, in essence, alienation. It is the basic situation of the modern man who is most concerned about by Kafka.