“自然”在周作人的文学批评中占据着核心位置。它既是对以《文心雕龙》为代表的传统文论的继承,又经过了具有现代意义和个性的改造。文章旨在厘清二者之间既有相同之处,又存在显著差异的复杂关系,阐明现代文学批评与传统文论之间割舍不断的历史连续性。 “Nature ” occupies the core position in Zhou Zuoren’s literary criticism. It not only inherits the traditional literary theory represented by “Wen Xin Diao Long”, but also through the transformation with the modern significance and individuality. The purpose of the article is to clarify the complex relationship between the two, which has both the similarities and the significant differences, and expounds the continuous historical continuity between the modern literary criticism and the traditional literary theory.