分离性质极为相近的元素锆和铪时,常常使其生成络合物,使更能显出这些元素的特征。例如现在以广泛应用的离子交换法、萃取法等分离锆、铃时,均以它们的络合物为基础。锆及铃离子具有高的电荷和较小的半径,因此在水溶液中不仅有强烈的络合趋势,而且极易水解和聚合,使得锆、铪等在溶液中进行各种反应的历程变得复杂。近年来发表的一系列有关锆、 The separation of very similar elements, zirconium and hafnium, often leads to the formation of complexes that characterize these elements. For example, zirconium and bell are widely separated by the widely used ion exchange method, extraction method, and the like on the basis of their complexes. Zirconium and ring ions have high charge and small radius, and therefore not only have a strong tendency to complex in aqueous solution, but also easily hydrolyze and polymerize, making the process of various reactions of zirconium, hafnium and the like complicated in solution become complicated . In recent years published a series of related zirconium,