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鸟苷酸环化酶(guanylate cyclases,GCs)通过催化细胞内第二信使环磷酸鸟苷(cyclic guanosine monophosphate,cGMP)的生成来转导信号;cGMP主要激活其下游效应分子cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶(PKG)、环核苷酸门控离子通道(CNG)和磷酸二酯酶(PDE),从而介导多种生物学效应。近年来大量研究证实,GC/cGMP信号转导体系与雄性生殖过程密切相关,多种介质通过此信号通路影响精子活力、获能和顶体反应,参与精子发生、运输、成熟及阴茎勃起等过程。
Guanylate cyclases (GCs) transduce signals by catalyzing the generation of the second messenger guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in cells; cGMP mainly activates its downstream effector cGMP-dependent protein kinase PKG), cyclic nucleotide gated ion channel (CNG) and phosphodiesterase (PDE), which mediate various biological effects. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that the GC / cGMP signal transduction system is closely related to the male reproductive process. A variety of mediators affect sperm motility, capacitation and acrosome reaction via this signal pathway and are involved in the process of spermatogenesis, transport, maturation and penile erection .