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为探讨油菜光合机构对干旱胁迫的响应,研究了2个抗旱性不同的油菜(Brassica napus L.)品种在干旱胁迫下农艺性状、气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光参数、叶绿体超微结构及Rubisco活性等指标的变化。结果表明,干旱胁迫下,相对增长率、总干重、叶面积和叶片相对含水量降低,而根冠比增加;净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度降低,而气孔限制值增加;PSⅡ最大光能转换效率、PSⅡ实际光能转换效率、光化学淬灭和电子传递效率降低,而非光化学淬灭系数增加;两品种的叶绿体超微结构遭到不同程度破坏;且叶绿素含量和Rubisco活性降低,脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量增加。敏感型品种秦优8号光合机构遭受干旱的破坏程度明显大于抗旱型品种Q2。
In order to investigate the response of photosynthetic apparatus of rape to drought stress, the agronomic traits, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, chloroplast ultrastructure and Rubisco activity of two rape varieties (Brassica napus L.) were studied under drought stress Changes in indicators. The results showed that under drought stress, the relative growth rate, total dry weight, leaf area and leaf relative water content decreased, but the root / shoot ratio increased; the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration decreased, while the stomatal limitation The photochemical quenching and electron transfer efficiency of PSⅡ decreased, while the non-photochemical quenching coefficient increased. The chloroplast ultrastructure of the two cultivars was damaged to varying degrees, and the chlorophyll content And Rubisco activity decreased, proline and soluble sugar content increased. The sensitive type Qin You 8 photosynthetic apparatus under drought damage was significantly greater than drought-resistant varieties Q2.