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战后初期,经济学家一般并不区分经济发展与经济增长这两个概念,而是两者混用的。但是现在大多数经济学家,特别是发展经济学家认为两者是有区别的。“经济增长”是指一定时期内一个国家包括产品和服务在内的产出的增加;“经济发展”则是随着这种产出的增加而出现的经济、社会和政治结构等方面的变化。一般对经济增长的定义没有太大的争论,但对经济发展的涵义却有许多不同的意见。今天讨论的可持续发展与一般的经济发展又不是一个概念。可持续发展在国际上已有公认的特定概念,它主要涉及资源、环境和人口三个方面。对此,一些老师已经作了介绍,我就不再多讲。
In the early days after the war, economists generally did not distinguish between the two concepts of economic growth and economic growth. They were mixed. But now most economists, especially development economists, think there is a difference between the two. “Economic growth” refers to an increase in the output of a country, including goods and services, over a given period of time. “Economic development” refers to the economic, social and political changes that have taken place as the output increases . There is generally not much argument about the definition of economic growth, but there are many different opinions on the meaning of economic development. The sustainable development discussed today and the general economic development are not yet a concept. Sustainable development has been recognized in the world as a specific concept. It mainly involves three aspects: resources, environment and population. In this regard, some teachers have been introduced, I will not say more.