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在ＮＯＡＡＡＶＨＲＲ数据的导航定位中，一般只进行卫星轨道根数调整和卫星时间漂移校正，而未考虑卫星姿态系统偏差的影响。该文在定量分析影响导航定位精度的主要因素基础上，提出了一种新的导航算法。该导航算法不仅对卫星时间漂移、卫星轨道根数进行约束最优调整，而且通过估算卫星姿态偏差将其融入到导航定位中加以校正。同时，将导航算法和卫星轨道计算、地面扫描点地理经纬度的计算方法以及参考图像的高精度配准等结合起来考虑，利用具有足够定位精度的１∶１００ 万数字地图数据和高分辨率Ｌａｎｄｓａｔ ＴＭ图像，提取地面控制点，使ＡＶＨＲＲ数据导航定位精度在整条轨道大范围内提高到１ 个像元，在星下点附近小于１ 个像元。
In the navigation and positioning of NOAAAVHRR data, only the satellite orbital root number adjustment and satellite time drift correction are generally performed without considering the influence of satellite attitude system deviation. Based on the quantitative analysis of the main factors affecting the navigation and positioning accuracy, a new navigation algorithm is proposed. The navigation algorithm not only adjusts the satellite time drift and the number of satellite orbits optimally, but also adjusts the navigation attitude by estimating the satellite attitude deviation. At the same time, the navigation algorithm and satellite orbital calculation, calculation method of geo-latitude and longitude of ground scanning point and high-precision registration of reference image are taken into consideration. Using 1: 1000000 digital map data with sufficient positioning accuracy and high resolution Landsat TM Image, ground control point extraction, so AVHRR data navigation and positioning accuracy in a large area of the whole track to a pixel, near the star under the point of less than 1 pixel.