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北方地区是两汉时期中原王朝抗击匈奴的主要战场,汉朝对这一地区实行屯垦戍边的政策,造就了该地区繁盛一时的汉代文化,留下了大量汉代的城址和墓葬。同时北方地区也是汉朝安置内附匈奴的主要地区,在陕西、内蒙古、宁夏、青海等地均发现了匈奴墓葬,与这里数量众多的汉墓形成了交错分布的局面。正由于北方地区特殊的地理位置,最近也有学者将北方地区的部分汉代墓葬认定为“南匈奴”墓葬。本文拟从陶器、铜器、铁器、骨器的对比研究人手,分析部分被以往研究认定为“南匈奴”墓葬的文化因素及特征,拟对这些墓葬族属的判定要素进行一些探讨。
The northern region was the main battlefield of the Central Plains dynasty to fight against the Huns in the Han Dynasty. The Han dynasty’s policy of setting up a garrison and guarding the frontiers in this region has created a thriving Han culture in the area and left a large number of Han dynasty town sites and tombs. At the same time, the northern region is also the main area where the Han were housed within the Han Dynasty. The tombs of the Huns were found in Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Qinghai, forming a staggered distribution with a large number of Han tombs here. Due to the special geographical location of the northern region, some scholars have recently identified some Han tombs in the north as “Southern Hun slaves.” This paper intends to make a comparative study of the manpower and the analysis of pottery, bronzeware, ironware and boneware from the cultural factors and characteristics of the “Southern Hun” burial found in the past, and to discuss some of the determining elements of these tombs.