用电流刺激肌肉组织的最初尝试,是用手工控制电源、电压来实现的。从这种粗糙然而有效的方法开始,经过真空管控制、继电器和分立式晶体管,发展到今天在一小片硅上装几个半导体器件(晶体管)的非常小、而异常复杂的集成电路技术。直至发展了电流非常低的低功率硅晶体管后,长期埋藏式心脏起搏器才有实现的可能。目前使用 The first attempt to use current to stimulate muscle tissue was accomplished by manual power and voltage control. From this rough yet effective approach, through the vacuum tube control, relays and discrete transistors, today is the development of very small and exceptionally complex integrated circuit technologies that hold several semiconductor devices (transistors) on a small piece of silicon today. Until the development of very low current low-power silicon transistors, long-term buried pacemakers only possible. Currently used