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试验选取生长期黑鲷鱼(矛鲷,初始平均体重16.7 g),研究在保持生长性能情况下,采用豆制品(SP)替代鱼粉(FM)的最大量,试验为期两个月。配制6份饲料的蛋白质(50%)和能量(22.4 MJ·kg-1)均符合国际标准,分别添加SP15%(SP15组)、30%(SP30组)、45%(SP45组)、60%(SP60组)、75%(SP75组)代替FM,空白组仅含有FM。随着饲料中SP添加量增加,采食量、生长性能、饲料利用率、干物质消化率、蛋白质和脂质含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。SP75组黑鲷鱼的高血脂情况最为显著,肝指数(HSI)、全身脂质含量和血浆中胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平均显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。且SP75组黑鲷鱼体内的赖氨酸、组氨酸、甲硫氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。随着饲料中SP水平的增加,黑鲷鱼体内甘氨酸和牛磺酸含量随之降低,幽门盲囊、前中后肠的胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和α-淀粉酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。SP75组黑鲷鱼有明显的贫血迹象,如红细胞数量减少,这意味着细胞体积增加。且随着SP含量的增加等离子体无机磷含量显著减少,碱性磷酸酶含量显著增加(P<0.05)。通过折线回归方法计算饲料转化率(FCR)和日增重(WG)两组数据间的关系,结果表明,SP的最大替代量为16.5%~27.3%。
Test selection growing black seabream (Spears bream, the initial average body weight 16.7 g), maintaining growth performance study the case, using soy products (SP) instead of fish meal (FM) the maximum amount of the test period of two months. The protein (50%) and energy (22.4 MJ · kg-1) of 6 diets complied with the international standards and were respectively supplemented with SP15%, SP30, 45% (SP45), 60% (SP60 group), 75% (SP75 group) instead of FM, blank group contains only FM. Feed intake, growth performance, feed utilization, dry matter digestibility, protein and lipid contents were significantly decreased with the increase of dietary SP (P <0.05). In the SP75 group, the hypercholesterolemia of black sea bream was the most significant. The liver index (HSI), systemic lipid content and plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher than those in other groups (P <0.05). The contents of lysine, histidine, methionine and phenylalanine in SP75 group were significantly lower than those in other groups (P <0.05). With the increase of SP level in feed, the contents of glycine and taurine in black snapper decreased, and the activities of trypsin, lipase and α-amylase in pyloric sac and front middle and rear intestine decreased significantly (P <0.05). SP75 group black snapper has obvious signs of anemia, such as reducing the number of red blood cells, which means that the cell volume increases. With the increase of SP content, the content of inorganic phosphorus in plasma decreased significantly, and the content of alkaline phosphatase increased significantly (P <0.05). The relationship between feed conversion rate (FCR) and daily gain (WG) data was calculated by the polyline regression method. The results showed that the maximum replacement of SP was 16.5% -27.3%.