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目的探讨小麦胚芽中清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白的碱性蛋白酶alcalase酶解物的体外降血压和抗氧化作用。方法采用抑制血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的方法评价降血压活性;对其抗氧化性能的评价采用化学模拟体系测定其清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羟自由基以及还原力。结果小麦胚芽中,清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白酶解物对ACE的半抑制率(IC50)分别为:3.98、2.64、5.53和3.62mg/ml。球蛋白酶解物的降血压活性显著高于另外3种蛋白酶解物(P<0.05)。在抗氧化试验中,清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白酶解物清除DPPH自由基的IC50值分别为1.85、2.82、2.46和2.04mg/ml;清除羟自由基的IC50值分别为:0.14、0.22、0.17和0.18mg/ml;它们的还原力与浓度呈显著的正相关性(P<0.05),且清蛋白酶解物的还原力最高。结论小麦胚芽中,清蛋白、球蛋白、醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白的alcalase酶解物均具有体外降血压和抗氧化活性;球蛋白酶解物的降血压活性最高,而醇溶蛋白的最低;清蛋白酶解物的抗氧化活性最强,而球蛋白的最弱。
Objective To investigate the antihypertensive and anti-oxidative effects of alcalase hydrolyzate of albumin, globulin, prolamin and gluten in wheat germ. Methods The antihypertensive activity was evaluated by inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). The anti-oxidative activity of DPPH was evaluated by chemical simulation system for its ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picolylhydrazine (DPPH) Radical, hydroxyl radical and reducing power. Results The half inhibitory rates (ACE) of albumin, globulin, gliadin and gluten hydrolyzate to ACE in wheat germ were 3.98, 2.64, 5.53 and 3.62 mg / ml, respectively. The hypotensive activity of globulin hydrolyzate was significantly higher than that of the other three proteolytic enzymes (P <0.05). In the antioxidant test, the IC50 values of DPPH radical scavenging by albumin, globulin, gliadin and gluten hydrolyzate were 1.85, 2.82, 2.46 and 2.04 mg / ml, respectively. The IC50 values of scavenging hydroxyl radical were: 0.14, 0.22, 0.17 and 0.18 mg / ml, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between their reducing power and concentration (P <0.05) and the highest reducibility of albumin hydrolyzate. Conclusion The alcalase hydrolysates of albumin, globulin, gliadin and gluten have the antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in vitro. The globulin hydrolyzate has the highest hypotensive activity and the lowest prolamin; The proteolysate has the strongest antioxidant activity and the weakest globulin.