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通过扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射仪、Ｘ光能谱仪、显微硬度计研究了２Ｃｒ１３不锈钢表面激光熔覆Ｎｉ合金层的组织，并分析热处理对Ｎｉ合金层组织和显微硬度的影响。结果表明：Ｎｉ合金层由下至上可分为平面晶区，胞状晶区及枝晶区。激光熔覆Ｎｉ合金层后熔覆层的显微硬度由２３０ＨＶ提高到５００－７００ＨＶ，热处理后Ｎｉ合金层的组织较热处理前细化，其显微硬度高达８５０－１１２０ＨＶ。
The microstructure of laser cladding Ni alloy layer on 2Cr13 stainless steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and microhardness tester. The effect of heat treatment on microstructure and microhardness of Ni alloy layer was analyzed. The results show that the Ni alloy layer can be divided into planar crystalline zone, cellular zone and dendritic zone from bottom to top. After laser cladding Ni alloy layer, the microhardness of cladding layer increased from 230HV to 500-700HV. After heat treatment, the microstructure of Ni alloy layer was refined before heat treatment, and its microhardness was as high as 850-1120HV.