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目的从传播媒介的角度探讨环县存在鼠疫自然疫源性的可能性,并为确定该地区是否存在鼠疫自然疫源性提供媒介昆虫学资料。方法依据《中国动物志》(昆虫纲)蚤类调查方法,梳检啮齿动物体外寄生蚤,收集洞干及巢蚤进行鉴定,对蚤类种群分布、染蚤率及蚤指数进行调查。结果调查共发现有蚤类4科11属18种,蜱2种。阿拉善黄鼠体蚤总指数1.12,总染蚤率34.7%。阿拉善黄鼠主要寄生蚤是方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种,蚤指数为0.83,占阿拉善黄鼠体蚤总数的75%。结论该县媒介昆虫种类组成、主要寄生蚤染蚤率、蚤指数均与甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地基本相同,具有构成鼠疫自然疫源地的媒介条件。
Objective To explore the possibility of natural foci of plague in Huoxian County from the perspective of mass media and to provide media entomological information for determining the existence of plague natural foci in the area. Methods Based on the investigation of fleas in “Chinese zodiac” (Insecta), the parasitological fleas of rodents were collected and the stem and nest fleas were collected for identification. The distribution of fleas, flea flea and flea index were investigated. Results A total of 18 species of 4 genera, 11 genera and 4 species of ticks were found in the survey. Alashan yellow body flea total index of 1.12, total flea flea rate of 34.7%. The main parasitic flea of Alsatian yellow chenille is Mongolian squarium, which has a flea index of 0.83, accounting for 75% of the total number of body flea in Albizia glabra. Conclusion The species composition of the media, the main flea flea infection rate and the flea index in this county are basically the same as the natural foci of Plague of Alashan Huangshan in the Gansu Loess Plateau, and have the media conditions that constitute the natural foci of plague.