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采用国外一套鉴别寄主对2009～2012年黑龙省大豆产区的疫霉菌毒性变异及毒力结构进行了系统测定。结果表明:黑龙江省大豆疫霉菌含有目前已知的全部致病基因,能克服所有已知的主效抗性基因。供试的300个疫霉菌株可分为28种毒力结构,毒力类型1a,7;6,7;7;1a,1c,6,7;1a,3c,4,6,7;1a,1d,3c,5,7;1b,1k,4,6,7是黑龙江大豆疫霉的主要组成类型,分别占测定菌株数的17%、21%、9%、7%、4%、5%、6%,前3种毒力类型在黑龙江省东部、中部和北部大豆主产区内均有分布。黑龙江大豆产区中的大豆疫霉毒力结构比较复杂,种类最多的哈尔滨和齐齐哈尔地区达到了15种。rps1k基因是重要的抗病基因,目前已经存在对它具有毒性的病原菌,并且所占比例为10.3%,表明黑龙江大豆生产区存在着疫霉菌的强毒性菌株。因此,亟需挖掘新的抗病基因和培育新的抗病资源。
A set of foreign identification host was used to systematically determine the virulence and virulence of Phytophthora infestans in the soybean producing area of Heilongjiang from 2009 to 2012. The results showed that Phytophthora sojae in Heilongjiang Province contained all the known causative genes and could overcome all known major resistance genes. The 300 tested Phytophthora strains were divided into 28 virulence structures, virulence types 1a, 7; 6,7; 7; 1a, 1c, 6,7; 1a, 3c, 4,6,7; 1d, 3c, 5, 7; 1b, 1k, 4, 6 and 7 are main types of Phytophthora sojae in Heilongjiang Province, accounting for 17%, 21%, 9%, 7%, 4%, 5% , 6%, the first three types of virulence in Heilongjiang Province, eastern, central and northern soybean production areas are distributed. The structure of the virulence of soybean in Heilongjiang soybean production area is quite complex, with 15 species in Harbin and Qiqihar with the largest variety. The rps1k gene is an important disease-resistant gene. At present, there are pathogenic bacteria that are toxic to it and account for 10.3% of the total, indicating that there is a virulent strain of Phytophthora in Heilongjiang soybean production area. Therefore, it is urgent to tap new disease-resistant genes and cultivate new disease-resistant resources.