教师有四类:以讲授教材为目的的教书者,以培养学生为目的的育人者,以教会学生学习为目的的导学者,以通过调控环境来促进学生学习的筹划者。这四类教师又可以分成两大类型,第一类和第二类的共同特点是把教师当作教育主体,持“以教定学”的教育观念, There are four types of teachers: teachers who teach textbooks, educators who cultivate students, guides who teach students about learning, and planners who promote students’ learning by regulating the environment. These four types of teachers can be divided into two major types. The common characteristics of the first and second categories are that teachers should be regarded as the main body of education and that education should be based on teaching and learning.