目前,在国外,随着海底油田开发规模的日益扩大,海上修井机也获得了迅速发展。 海上油井的井口,依其钻井和完井方法的不同,有的把井口装置引出在水面以上,即水上井口;也有的把井口装置安装在海底或潜水员可能到达的某个深度,即水下井口。对于绝大多数装有水上井口(包括某些可以转变成水上井口的水下井口)的油井,基本上都可以采 At present, overseas offshore workover rigs have also enjoyed rapid development as the scale of offshore oilfield development continues to expand. Depending on the drilling and completion methods, the wellhead at offshore oil wells may lead the wellhead device above the water surface, that is, the waterhead or wellhead; others may install the wellhead device at a certain depth that the sea diver or divers may reach, that is, the underwater wellhead . For the vast majority of wells equipped with waterheads (including some that can be converted into subsea wellheads), wells are basically recoverable