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水资源危机已经严重阻碍了社会经济的发展。作为耗水大户的农业,现在以及未来很长时间都将面临“以较少的水资源消耗生产更多粮食”的艰巨任务。自1980年以来,我国节水灌溉农业发展迅速,农业节水灌溉措施的实施极大地减少了农业灌溉取用水量,显著提高了灌溉效率,然而水资源危机并没有得到缓解,流域地下水水位持续下降的趋势并未得到遏制,这一现状使人们不得不重新审视节水农业存在的问题。文章从水资源消耗的视角,充分利用遥感技术在作物分布、蒸散发、产量空间格局和时间动态变化监测的优势,在区域尺度上认识节水灌溉农业发展中存在的问题和面临的挑战,提出利益相关者参与式的“耗水管理”是节水高效农业发展以及成功实施的必然途径。
The water crisis has seriously hindered socio-economic development. As a large-scale agriculture, agriculture now, and for a long time to come, will face the difficult task of “producing more food with less water consumption”. Since 1980, the development of water-saving irrigation agriculture in China has been developing rapidly. The implementation of water-saving irrigation measures in agriculture has greatly reduced the amount of water used in agricultural irrigation and markedly improved the irrigation efficiency. However, the water crisis has not been eased and the groundwater level in the basin has been declining The trend has not been checked, this situation makes people have to re-examine the problems of water-saving agriculture. From the perspective of water consumption, this paper makes full use of the advantages of remote sensing technology in the monitoring of crop distribution, evapotranspiration, spatial pattern of production and temporal dynamics and identifies the problems and challenges in the development of water-saving irrigation agriculture at the regional scale Stakeholder Participatory “Water Management” is the inevitable way for the development of water-saving and high-efficiency agriculture and its successful implementation.