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这是康德于1784年12月发表于《柏林月刊》第4卷第1 2期为回答一位柏林牧师策尔纳提出的“何谓启蒙”而撰写的文章,由尼斯贝特译成英文。文中,康德对蒙昧的原因,启蒙的意义、必要性和实施步骤,私下运用理性和公开运用理性的区别,公开运用理性的意义,作了精辟阐述,对公权力的制约和公民尊严的尊重也有提及,并特别强调了公民自由的重要性。这是一篇极具启示意义的历史经典文献。
This is an article written by Kant in the December, 1784, volume 4, issue 12 of the Berlin Monthly, in response to a quote by Berlin Senator Zerner entitled “Enlightenment” translated from Nice Bert to English . In the article, Kant makes clear explanations to the reason of ignorance, the meaning, the necessity and the steps of enlightenment, the rational use of reason and the rational use of public in public, the rational use of reason, the restriction of public power and the dignity of citizens Mention, in particular, the importance of civil liberties. This is a very enlightening historical classic.