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温度效应是制约提高陀螺精度的重要因素。该文根据温度补偿要求,建立了温度场模型,使用有限元分析软件MARC2000采用两步计算方法在计算机上再现了陀螺启动过程中内部温度场分布的仿真结果;并通过红外测温技术测量了陀螺表面温度,大量实验数据证实了模型的正确性,可作为进一步分析温度场特性的基础。根据温度模型研究了增益区换热情况,认为对流边界层理论不适用于增益区换热,增益区换热的主要因素是原子与管壁的碰撞及管壁电子与正离子的复合。
The temperature effect is an important factor that restricts the accuracy of gyroscopes. According to the requirement of temperature compensation, a temperature field model is established. The finite element analysis software MARC2000 is used to reproduce the simulation results of internal temperature field distribution during gyroscope start-up process by two-step calculation method. The gyroscope Surface temperature, a large number of experimental data confirm the correctness of the model can be used as a basis for further analysis of temperature field characteristics. Based on the temperature model, the heat transfer in the gain region is studied. The convective boundary layer theory is not suitable for the heat transfer in the gain region. The main factors of the heat transfer in the gain region are the collision between the atom and the tube wall and the recombination of the wall electron and the positive ion.