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目的比较孤独症谱系障碍男童和正常发育男童的杏仁核体积,探讨杏仁核体积与孤独症谱系障碍儿童临床表现的相关性。方法采用磁共振成像测量37例孤独症谱系障碍男童和14例正常发育男童的杏仁核体积;采用《0-4岁婴幼儿神经心理发育诊断量表》、《扩大的0-4岁婴幼儿神经心理发育诊断量表》、儿童期孤独症评定量表(CARS)、孤独症行为量表(ABC)对孤独症儿童进行心理评估,分析杏仁核体积与孤独症谱系障碍儿童临床相关指标的关系。结果孤独症谱系障碍组左、右两侧杏仁核体积分别为(1.01±0.39)cm3和(1.06±0.38)cm3,均明显大于对照组〔(0.68±0.37)cm3和(0.73±0.26)cm3〕(P<0.05)。杏仁核体积与孤独症谱系障碍儿童DQ得分、CARS得分、行为量表及相关因子得分无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论孤独症谱系障碍儿童杏仁核体积大于健康儿童,未发现杏仁核体积与儿童认知水平、疾病程度之间存在相关性。提示杏仁核是孤独症谱系障碍的神经基础之一。
Objective To compare the amygdala of autistic spectrum disorder boys and normal boys and to explore the correlation between amygdala volume and clinical manifestations of children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure the volume of amygdala in 37 children with autism spectrum disorders and 14 normal children. The diagnosis scale of neuropsychological development in children aged 0-4 years, Diagnostic Questionnaire for Neuropsychological Development in Young Children, CARS in Children, Autistic Behavior Checklist (ABC), psychosocial assessment of children with autism, analysis of clinical signs of amygdala in children with autistic spectrum disorders relationship. Results The volume of amygdala in left and right sides of autism spectrum disorder group were (1.01 ± 0.39) cm3 and (1.06 ± 0.38) cm3, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(0.68 ± 0.37) cm3 and (0.73 ± 0.26) cm3] (P <0.05). There was no significant correlation between the volume of amygdala and DQ scores, CARS score, behavior scale and related factors in children with autism spectrum disorders (P> 0.05). Conclusions The amygdala of children with autism spectrum disorders is larger than that of healthy children. There is no correlation between the amygdala volume and children ’s cognitive level and the degree of disease. Suggesting that the amygdala is one of the neural bases for autism spectrum disorders.