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目的了解海拔高度对粉尘作业人员肺功能的影响。方法对3个不同海拔地区粉尘作业工人进行统一的职业健康检查并测定其肺功能的各项指标。结果海拔3 400、2 300和1 800 m之间相互比较,3组人群的最大用力肺活量(FVC)测定值与预计值的百分比分别为(72.51±8.19)、(75.64±5.85)、(80.96±9.23);1秒用力肺活量(FEV1)测定值与预计值的百分比分别为(70.35±8.51)、(74.79±7.92)、(78.02±9.70);1秒用力肺活量测定值和最大用力肺活量测定值的比值(FEV1%)分别为(72.96±8.22)、(78.00±8.11)、(79.55±9.03);3项测定值均为高海拔低于低海拔。结论海拔升高对粉尘作业人员的肺功能影响较大,随海拔升高粉尘作业人员的肺功能明显下降,尤其对高原粉尘作业人员的肺功能有显著影响。
Objective To understand the effect of altitude on lung function of dust workers. Methods A unified occupational health examination was conducted on 3 dust-exposed workers at different altitudes and the indexes of lung function were measured. Results Compared with each other at the altitudes of 3 400, 2 300 and 1 800 m, the percentages of the maximum forced vital capacity (FVC) and predicted values of the three groups were (72.51 ± 8.19), (75.64 ± 5.85), (80.96 ± 9.23). The percentages of one-second forced vital capacity (FEV1) and predicted values were (70.35 ± 8.51), (74.79 ± 7.92) and (78.02 ± 9.70), respectively. The measured values of forced vital capacity at 1 second and maximum forced vital capacity The odds ratios (FEV1%) were (72.96 ± 8.22), (78.00 ± 8.11) and (79.55 ± 9.03), respectively; all three values were high altitude and low altitude. Conclusion The elevation of altitude has a great influence on the lung function of dust workers. The lung function of dust workers decreases obviously with altitude, especially the lung function of dust workers in high altitude.