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起动/发电一体化是现代飞机供电系统的主要发展趋势之一。QF18D航空起动/发电机采用的三相双凸极电机具有转子无磁钢无绕组、结构强度高、制造方便、可逆性好等优点,适于高空高速飞行的应用条件。文章首先扼要介绍了QF18D发电及电动工作的结构原理;然后基于有限元仿真和实验验证相结合的方法详细研究了QF18D双凸极直流发电机的空载、短路、外特性和调节特性的特点,主要探讨了换相重叠和电枢反应对电机关键特性的影响机理;最后通过航空涡喷发动机的冷热开车试验验证了QF18D的系统起动性能优越。
Startup / generation integration is one of the main trends in modern aircraft power supply system. QF18D aviation starter / generator uses a three-phase bierounder motor with no magnetless windings in the rotor, high structural strength, easy manufacture and good reversibility. It is suitable for high-altitude and high-speed flight conditions. The paper firstly introduces the structure principle of QF18D power generation and electric work briefly. Then based on the combination of finite element simulation and experimental verification, the characteristics of QF18D Doubly Salient DC generator with no load, short circuit, external characteristic and regulation characteristic are studied in detail. In the end, the influence mechanism of commutation overlap and armature reaction on the key characteristics of the motor is mainly discussed. Finally, the cold-hot driving test of the aviation turbojet engine verifies that the system startup performance of the QF18D is superior.