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目的了解合肥市5岁以下儿童病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染情况、保护性抗体阳性情况。方法采用分层抽样的方法,于2007年10月在合肥市7个县(区)采集不同年龄儿童血清标本,所有儿童按年龄分为0～岁、1～岁、2～岁、3～岁、4～岁5个年龄组,应用间接法ELISA检测乙肝5项指标,检验结果利用SPSS软件进行数据处理。结果共采集不同年龄人群血清标本851份,乙肝感染者23例,感染率2.70%,5个年龄组间感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.65,P=0.09);HBV携带者1例,病毒携带率0.12%;有保护性抗体儿童463人,阳性率54.41%,各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=130.79,P=0.00)。结论合肥市实施乙肝疫苗接种15年来乙肝综合防制措施成效显著,有效控制了儿童乙肝的流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of viral hepatitis B (HBV) infection in children under 5 years of age in Hefei and the positive status of protective antibodies. Methods By stratified sampling method, serum samples of children of different ages were collected from 7 counties (districts) in Hefei in October 2007. All the children were divided into 0 ~ 1 year old, 1 ~ 2 years old, 2 ~ 3 years old , 4 ~ 5-year-old age group, using indirect ELISA detection of hepatitis B five indicators, the test results using SPSS software for data processing. Results A total of 851 serum samples were obtained from different age groups. 23 cases were infected with HBV, the infection rate was 2.70%. There was no significant difference in infection rates among 5 age groups (χ2 = 7.65, P = 0.09) The virus carrying rate was 0.12%. There were 463 children with protective antibodies, the positive rate was 54.41%. There was significant difference in the positive rate among all age groups (χ2 = 130.79, P = 0.00). Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination in Hefei City 15 years of comprehensive prevention and treatment of hepatitis B achieved remarkable results effectively control the prevalence of hepatitis B in children.